Sonia

Sonia: Peopling a project: To do my research, one of the sources of data collection is reviewing the works of scientists in the following journals: 1- Iranian journal of environmental health science and engineering 2- Iranian journal of allergy, asthma and immunology 3- Iranian journal of health and environment 4- Iranian journal of public health

- Politicians’ support - Involvement in policy makings - More access to new technologies - More involvement with university scientists - More contribution with international organizations - Collective identity rather than individual identity - || **1- ** **Government techno-scientists ** || - Objectivity of their science is questionable - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">They produce science to support the vested interests of politicians - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">public trust to these scientists is not high - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">they are not presented as individual scientists, they have collective identity - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">research will be done in a way that shows a positive picture of the country in international arena - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less publication productivity - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Contribution in policy making is not based on meritocracy - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More male scientists are involved in the policy making and collaboration with intl organizations - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Religion as a factor in scientists’ inclusion - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less innovation - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less freedom to communicate with the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">less contribution to get national funding - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">more have their own private companies - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">less representation in the public sphere || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">In a religious country, science is most of the time challenge religious beliefs, therefore in some cases this conflict exclude them from policy makings. || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More credibility among politicians || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">2-1-Environmental Engineering || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif; font-size: 10pt;">1- The budget limitation for establishment of environmental engineering programs in Iran’s Universities, <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif; font-size: 10pt;">2- Lack of academic staff in different new field of environmental engineering <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif; font-size: 10pt;">3- Lack of professional jobs for environmental engineering graduates due to weak legislation for environmental protection. <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif; font-size: 10pt;">4- Lack of long- term planning for environmental engineering education program in Iran <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif; font-size: 10pt;">5- Lack of International collaboration among the universities of Iran and developed countries <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif; font-size: 10pt;">6- Difficulties in official procedure of establishment of new fields in Iran’s Universities. <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif; font-size: 10pt;">7- Lack of professional organization to audit and evaluate the environmental engineering programs in Iran. || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More authority among politicians || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">3-1- medical science || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">They focus mostly on body and internal factors rather than external factors such as environmental exposure || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Support the interests of the government since in Iran, government has the power - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Private funding - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Collective identity rather than individual identity - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More meritocracy in hiring || **<span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">2- ** **<span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Private Sector Techno-Scientists ** || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less scientific contribution with university scientists - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less involvement in policy makings - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Public trust to them is also not too much - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Mostly seeking their own benefits rather than public or government - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less publication productivity in scientific journals - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less communication with media - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">No gender discrimination - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More innovation - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less freedom to communicate with the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less chance to get national funding - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less representation in the public sphere || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">They mostly support public interests - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More involvement in NGOs - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less critical of politicians - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More contribution of local knowledge - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">They mostly attempt to educate the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less contribution with international organizations - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More communication with media || **<span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">3- ** **<span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Independent Techno-Scientists ** || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less involvement in policy making - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Their scientific work has been less published in famous journals - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less publication productivity in scientific journals - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More innovation - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More freedom to communicate with the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less chance to get national funding - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More representation in the public sphere || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More scientific collaboration with university scientists - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More publication productivity in scientific journals || **<span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">4- ** **<span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Domestic Techno-Scientists living outside national borders ** || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Scientific findings by scientists of – less support of national objectives - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less support of the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less contribution of local knowledge - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less chance to educate the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More innovation - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less chance to communicate with the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less chance to get national funding - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less representation in the public sphere - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">High confidence that they have more expertise and objectivity in their work compare to other scientists || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">2- More contribution in scientific journals <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">3- More contribution with government scientists <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">4- More roles as science advisers or consultants <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">5- Institutionalization of their science <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">6- Less contribution of local knowledge <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">7- More publication productivity in scientific journals <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">8- More communication with media <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">9- Individual identity rather than collective identity <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">10- More chance to get national funding || **<span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">5- ** **<span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Scientists working in universities ** || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Objectivity of their knowledge is questionable when their research is funded by the government or private sector - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">They mostly seclude themselves from the public and do not attempt to educate the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Gender is a neutral factor - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More innovation - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less reluctant to communicate with the public - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More have private companies and conduct government’s projects - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More representation in the public sphere - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">High confidence that they have more expertise than other scientists from other groups ||
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Catalysts || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Groups of people || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Corrosions ||
 * - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Federal funding
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">1-1 Environmental Science || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Their abstruse language is hard for politicians to understand so less participation in policy making because politicians avoid recognizing problems, they want to lead the public in a way that there is no problem such as air pollution in the country and all problems is natural.
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More involvement in policy makings because they produce technologies for solving problems
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Environmental studies || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Less participation in policy makings ||
 * - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">More authority among public
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">5-1- other scientists ||  ||
 * - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">more involvement in reducing environmental problems || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">6-1- Technologists || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">they design technology in a way that supports the vested interests ||
 * - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Support the interests of private sector
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">1-2- environmental science ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">2-2- environmental engineering ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">3-2- environmental studies ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">4-2- medical science ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">5-2-other sciences ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">6-2- Technologists ||  ||
 * - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Public trust to them is high
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">1-3- environmental scientists ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">2-3- environmental engineering ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">3-3- environmental studies ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">4-3- Medical science ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">5-3-other sciences ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">6-3- Technologists ||  ||
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">– no involvement in policy making
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">1-4- environmental science ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">2-4- environmental engineering ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">3-4- environmental studies ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">4-4- medical science ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">5-4-other sciences ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">6-4- Technologists ||  ||
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">1- More involvement in policy makings
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">1-5- environmental scientists ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">2-5- environmental engineering ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">3-5- environmental studies ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">3-5- medical science ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">5-5-other sciences ||  ||
 * || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">6-5- Technologists ||  ||

- <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Asthma has a strong relation with the herbal of a location - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Air pollution is aggravating the asthma of children and elderly - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Air pollution cannot be predicted because of temperature inversion phenomenon || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">There is a strong link between asthma and air pollution - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Controlling air pollution and relevant topics is a political issue in Iran. || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">The government should use technologies to solve the air pollution. || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Short term solutions can not reduce air pollution - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Asthmatic patients need to be educated about the causes of their disease. || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Government needs the science of university scientists since most famous scientists work in universities. - || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Controlling air pollution is a political issue. - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">The scientific objectivity of science on asthma and air pollution is questionable. ||
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Mapping subject positions: **
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Catalysts || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Statements || <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">corrosions ||
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Government scientists || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Asthma is mostly a genetic issue.
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Private sector industry || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Asthmatic patients should use medical devices and drugs
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">University scientists || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Controlling asthma and air pollution are scientific issues.
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Domestic Techno-Scientists living outside national borders || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Science should be as objective as it can be. ||  ||
 * <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Independent scientists || - <span style="font-family: Garamond,serif;">Science should support public’s health. ||  ||

<span style="font-family: Calibri,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;"> []