RIS+Long+Annotations+I

Clarke, R. (1973). // Ellen Swallow: the woman who founded ecology //. Chicago, Follett Pub. Co. (1973).

". . . Consumer-Nutrition and Environment-Education. [Swallow] drew no lines between them. In her comprehension, everything seemed to overlap. (p 141). "Can a woman know too much about the composition and nutritive value of the meats and vegetables she uses. . . the effect of fresh air on the human system of the danger of sewer gas or foul water?" (p 81) "She believed nutritional food, properly balanced and scientifically prepared, was a vital element in the environment affecting human healthy But she advocated such an improved subsistence for more than just the average child, worker and housewife. Ellen Swallow believed food had therapeutic value as well." (p 137).
 * 1. What three quotes capture the critical import of the text?**

Ellen Swallow is a woman who was instrumental in creating an environmental awareness amidst an industrial revolution, and connected this to the idea of health and nutrition.
 * 2. What is the main argument of the text?**

The book reviews Ellen Swallow's interaction with women and how she tries to teach them to become informed consumers. She published books and papers about healthy eating and nutrition. She also studied chemistry, so she knew about the content of the food she was writing about, and how it affected the body.
 * 3. Describe at least three ways that the main argument is supported.**

The text draws on many books and articles written by Ellen Swallow Richards, as well as books and articles about her and or about the time in which she lived and worked.
 * 4. Describe the main literatures that the text draws on and contributes to.**

This book is about a woman who was instrumental not only in creating an environmental movement, but using it as a way to empower women by showing them that the state of the environment affects their and their families' health. She makes connections between pollution and health, and notes that unhealthy environmental practices lead to less nutritious foods and thus less healthy people.
 * 5. Explain how the argument and evidence in the text supports, challenges or otherwise relates to the argument or narrative that you imagine developing.**

Ellen Swallow tested everything she did. She calculated the input and output (money, energy and nutrition) from foods, and knew exactly how much energy was expended for each meal. She told women that it was important for them to learn more, to be less ignorant, because their families and homes depended on them, and the environment was being changed by those homes.
 * 6. List of at least three details or examples from the text that you can use to support the argument or narrative that you are developing.**

Dunwich, G. (2000). // Wicca Craft: The Modern Witches Book of Herbs, Magick and Dreams // (Carol Publishing group edition edition.). Secaucus, N.J.: Citadel.

"In simple terms, it is a positive, nature-based religion, preaching brotherly love and harmony with and respect for all life forms." (p 11) "Its origins are found in the early human development of religion . . . It is . . . a pre-Christian faith." (p 11) "Herbs are natural. Many can aid in preventing, as well as healing, diseases. . . . Many Wiccans enjoy growing their own herb gardens . . ." (p 102)
 * 1. What three quotes capture the critical import of the text?**

This book is an overview of the Wiccan faith. I suppose its argument is that Wicca is a valid, nature-based, religion.
 * 2. What is the main argument of the text?**

The main argument is supported (a) with a small history of the religion, (b) by relating the holidays to the earth, and (c) by giving an overview of the religion's views and practices.
 * 3. Describe at least three ways that the main argument is supported.**

This book draws on and contributes to books on paganism and wicca in general. It also cites many books on herbal medicine, as this is a big part of the wiccan way of life, apparently. This relates to the argument I imagine developing because it (a) supports that pagan religions, while alternative now, were not always alternative, (b) it is nature-based.
 * 4. Describe the main literatures that the text draws on and contributes to.**
 * 5. Explain how the argument and evidence in the text supports, challenges or otherwise relates to the argument or narrative that you imagine developing.**

There is a whole chapter about herbal medicine, how it is an ancient practice, and how people other than Wiccans use it. The chapter about the Sabbats (holidays) connect the celebration with the reason for it, which is always about what was going on in nature at that time and how human beings interacted with the natural world's phenomenons. If I use the argument that these alternative choices are only recently non-conventional, then this also has a chapter about the background of the craft. Although Wicca itself is fairly new, many of the traditions, beliefs, and god/desses are borrowed from ancient religions.
 * 6. List of at least three details or examples from the text that you can use to support the argument or narrative that you are developing.**

Greenleaf, A., Bryant, R., & Pollock, J. (2014). Nature-Based Counseling: Integrating the Healing Benefits of Nature Into Practice. // International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling //, // 36 // (2), 162.

"Exposure to the natural environment profoundly influence humans in ways that are both positive and restorative." (p 162). "Growing research in this area supports a significant link between spending time in a natural environment and high levels of psychological, emotional, physical and spiritual well-being (Burls 2007; Louv 2008; Pryor et al. 2006; Wilson 1984). (p 163). "Ecotherapy, often referred to as applied ecopsychology, entails practices or techniques that foster a deeper connection with nature (Burls 2007). The goal of these techniques is for clients to experience enhanced well-being and have optimal mental health. As previously stated, fostering a connection to nature has been shown to mitigate symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, improve mood in those with depression, enhance self-esteem, reduce anxiety and improve interpersonal skills for troubled youth (Pretty et al. 2007; Taylor et al. 2001; Elings and Hassink 2008). Clearly there is evidence that nature-based approaches can be efficacious in enhancing well-being across the lifespan, from childhood development, to adults and the elderly. (p 169).
 * 1. What three quotes capture the critical import of the text?**

The main argument of the text is that exposure to nature is healthy, and lack of exposure to nature can cause mental illness and other emotional disorders.
 * 2. What is the main argument of the text?**

This argument is supported through mulitple scientific studies as well as a case study about therapy that was conducted outside.
 * 3. Describe at least three ways that the main argument is supported.**

This text draws on primarily psychological journals with similar subjects.
 * 4. Describe the main literatures that the text draws on and contributes to.**

The text supports the idea that health and nature are related. This text does not directly relate permaculture and holistic medicine, but it is the most scientific of the articles I've found thus far and it does prove that there is more to health than the chemicals in pharmaceuticals, that there are more things to think about.
 * 5. Explain how the argument and evidence in the text supports, challenges or otherwise relates to the argument or narrative that you imagine developing.**

There is a correlation of time spent indoors and unhealthiness. "Green Exercise" is good for the mind and the body. This positive correlation is seen in all ages, from child to senior.
 * 6. List of at least three details or examples from the text that you can use to support the argument or narrative that you are developing.**

Greer, J. M. (2006). // The Druidry Handbook: Spiritual Practice Rooted in the Living Earth //. York Beach, ME: Weiser Books.

"A spirituality based on reverence for nature thus find its full expression in life in harmony with the living Earth itself . . ." (p 138)
 * 1. What three quotes capture the critical import of the text?**

"As industrial society moved further out of balance with nature, Druids responded creatively, finding ways to restore the balance in their own lives and communities (p 138)

"Until a few centuries ago, nearly everyone lived their lives in intimate contact with nature and its cycles. Our minds and spirits, as well as our bodies, evolved in that context, shaped by rhythms of the living Earth. Researchers in the new discipline of ecopsychology have shown that human beings are never quite sane when they're isolated from natural environments. (p 139)

The main argument of the text is that Druidism is an earth-based religion with roots in ancient religions, although it is specifically only a couple of centuries old. Druids believe that living in harmony with nature is key to the health of the earth and of humankind and without living harmoniously, the Earth will go through changes that make it very different and possibly uninhabitable. Druid religion is based on inner or self knowledge, knowledge of the outside world and nature, and being able to connect these two things.
 * 2. What is the main argument of the text?**

There is a history section which tells how Druidry came to be. There is a section about the mythology, which sets the basis for the beliefs. Then there is a section on practicing druidry so the practitioner can become more knowledgeable and self-aware.
 * 3. Describe at least three ways that the main argument is supported.**

This book draws on nature reference manuals, druid books (history and religion), and celtic history/mythology books.
 * 4. Describe the main literatures that the text draws on and contributes to.**

It is pretty clear that druidism and permaculture go well together. In fact, in this text the author mentions permaculture as a way to take care of the earth and prevent any more degradation. Druids promote harmonic living with the earth, as do those who practice permaculture, although Druidism brings spirituality into it, and connects more than the physical body to the earth, but also connects the mental or spiritual body to the earth.
 * 5. Explain how the argument and evidence in the text supports, challenges or otherwise relates to the argument or narrative that you imagine developing.**

As with Wicca, the calendar of the religion is related to the earth's natural cycle and human's interaction with it, as described in the chapter about the calendar and the holidays. Over and over again in the text it is stressed that it is important for humans to live harmoniously with nature, with awareness of the impact of their actions. It is said that the Druid religion is based on ancient Shamans, though the history before the middle ages is unclear.
 * 6. List of at least three details or examples from the text that you can use to support the argument or narrative that you are developing.**

Kellogg, S., & Pettigrew, S. (2008). // Toolbox for Sustainable City Living: A do-it-Ourselves Guide //. Cambridge, Mass: South End Press.

[Sustainability's] many definitions essentially boil down to the idea of living in such a way that the resources available today will continue to be available for an indefinite number of future generations." (p xii)
 * 1. What three quotes capture the critical import of the text?**

". . . radical sustainability promotes the development of autonomous communities -- that is egalitarian communities that value equality, justice, and mutualism. Not only do these communities work together to provide members with the essential needs of food, water, energy, and waste management, they also develop their own horizontal political structures, transportation systems, media, healthcare, education, and so forth. (p xv)

"In traditional societies, an imperative for conservation and the technological limitation of the pole and the net kept the fish harvest in balance with oceanic resources, rarely depleting them. Today, giant ships towing dragnets vacuum the oceans." (p 21)

The argument of this text is that unless people start to act in radically sustainable ways, there will be severe food, water, and energy crises. It also teaches how to be radically sustainable.
 * 2. What is the main argument of the text?**

This argument is supported with (a) descriptions of what may happen if radical sustainability is not adopted, (b) descriptions of the way radical sustainability can work, and (c) instructions on the specifics of permaculture and radical sustainability.
 * 3. Describe at least three ways that the main argument is supported.**

The resources are as varied as the information contained in the book. They include many manuals about the different DIYs contained within the book. There are not many references to the claim that without radical sustainability, humanity is in peril.
 * 4. Describe the main literatures that the text draws on and contributes to.**


 * 5. Explain how the argument and evidence in the text supports, challenges or otherwise relates to the argument or narrative that you imagine developing.**

I noticed that there is only one mention of medicine in this text. It supports small, basically autonomous, communities. If this is so, each community would be responsible for its own medicinal needs, as well as the "food, water, energy and waste management" needs as mentioned in the text. Health care is mentioned as well, but not in any more detail.


 * 6. List of at least three details or examples from the text that you can use to support the argument or narrative that you are developing.**

Leviton, R. (2005). // Encyclopedia of Earth Myths: An Insider’s A-Z Guide to Mythic People, Places, Objects, and Events Central to the Earth’s Visionary Geography //. Charlottesville, VA: Hampton Roads Publishing.

"One of the rich discoveries of [the Jungian interpretation of symbolism and myth] is to see that many, if not all, of the world's myths, culled from a variety of different cultures, say something profound about Earth." (p 1)
 * 1. What three quotes capture the critical import of the text?**

"In most cases, an Earth myth also reveals something important about human consciousness because the remarkable fact about Earth's sacred sites . . . is that they are individually and collectively reflections of us, of how consciousness, generically, is put together and works. So decoding an Earth myth contributes to our self-knowledge." (p 2)

The main argument of this text is that the myths of the past are not just stories to be told, but door to understanding human culture and our interaction with the earth.
 * 2. What is the main argument of the text?**

This argument is supported though describing first the story, then telling how it similar to stories from other cultures, then describing what it may mean about the Earth/human relationship.
 * 3. Describe at least three ways that the main argument is supported.**

It isn't clear what the references for this book are, but it contributes to the literature on both mythology and a collective consciousness.
 * 4. Describe the main literatures that the text draws on and contributes to.**

This text relates to the argument by describing how the religious stories of non-conventional religions relate to the Earth. I don't foresee this reference being the best reference, because there are no references, and the author makes some strange claims about Angels and gurus and reincarnation. Perhaps it can be used as another alternative religion, and how it is still interconnected with the Earth, more than the traditional religions may be.
 * 5. Explain how the argument and evidence in the text supports, challenges or otherwise relates to the argument or narrative that you imagine developing.**

The description of Gaia as an earth mother. The idea that the ancient religions may be connected through the Earth, perhaps this is because there is an inherent way which humans feel balance with the Earth and through permaculture and holistic medicine this balance may come about.
 * 6. List of at least three details or examples from the text that you can use to support the argument or narrative that you are developing.**